PAPER 2 ONLINE MEDIA TEXT 2: ATTITUDE

 PAPER 2 ONLINE MEDIA TEXT 2: ATTITUDE

HOMOSEXUALITY IN 1990S

1990 

  • First gay pride event is held in Manchester.
  • 4 gay men were murdered
  • Hundreds of lesbians and gay men marched from the park where Boothe had been killed to Ealing town hall and held a candlelight memorial
1991
  • Queen singer Freddie Mercury announced that he had AIDS; he died the following day
1992
  • First pride festival was held in Brighton
1994
  • An amendment was introduced to lower the age of consent for homosexual acts from 21 to 16 in line with that for heterosexual acts; it was lowered to 18.
HOW HAS THINGS CHANGED?
  • Homosexuality is more socially acceptable
  • In 2014, gay marriage was made legal in the UK
  • A lot more allied compared to 1990s
  • Less of a negative stigma
  • Less of a stereotype that gay men are flamboyant and all lesbians are butch
BARTHES MYTHOLOGIES

Barthes believed that the pride flag is a symbol that is significant and powerful in the media; however on a denotative level it is some colours on a flag. On a connotative level it is a symbolic sign for LGBTQ+ and the banner to the right also includes BAME to increase inclusivity in the gay community. On a mythic level it connotes tolerance and acceptance of homosexuality in the modern Western world and connotes the struggle against oppression homosexuals have had to overcome to get to this point. This was first adopted in 1978 and had undergone various changes.

REPRESENTATIONS
  • Hall's stereotypes vs Gaunlett's Identity theory touches upon representation towards homosexuxality
  • Butler's Gender Performativity is also useful as it has been termed 'queer theory' by some
  • Gilroy and to some extent Hooks can be used when analysing representations of race/ethnicity
HOW DOES ATTITUDE REPRESENT GAY MEN?
  • Attitude is better than the mainstream media as it shows a variety of representations of homosexuality
  • It covers serious gay issues including politics, identity and how to deal with foreign cultures which may be homophobic on holiday
  • Many of its columnists and opinion articles represent gay men as normal people from a variety of backgrounds with a variety of opinions.
BUT
  • It can be argued that it represents a narrow view of gay masculinity
  • Arguably reinforces stereotypes of physical masculinity in their 'boys' homepage 
  • To an extent it reinforces stereotypes through the voice of topics and stories (e.g. a theatre tab and emphasis on 'camp' music and Eurovision) 
  • ANTHONY GILET represents himself in a stereotypical way - obsessed with youth, appearance, penis size and promiscuity.
RACE/ETHNICITY
  •  Attitude has been accused of being ethnocentric (revolving around one ethnicity in this case caucasian)
  • Recent articles have covered Manchester Pride's changing of the iconic rainbow flag to include black and brown stripes
  • By giving stories such as these increased coverage, Attitude aims to normalise ethnic minorities representations of homosexuality through repetition 
AGE


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